Acknowledgments

This report was prepared by the Department of Health and Human Services under the direction of the Office of the Surgeon General, in partnership with the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Center for Mental Health Services, and in consultation with the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Mental Health.

RADM Arthur Lawrence, Ph.D., R.Ph., Assistant Surgeon General, Acting Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary for Health, Office of Public Health and Science, Office of the Secretary, Washington, D.C.

RADM Kenneth Moritsugu, M.D., M.P.H., Deputy Surgeon General, Office of the Surgeon General, Office of the Secretary, Washington, D.C.

CAPT Allan Noonan, M.D., M.P.H., Senior Advisor, Office of the Surgeon General, Office of the Secretary, Washington, D.C.

Joseph H. Autry III, M.D., Acting Administrator, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland.

Bernard S. Arons, M.D., Director, Center for Mental Health Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland.

Camille Barry, Ph.D., Deputy Director, Center for Mental Health Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland.

Michael English, J.D., Director, Division of Knowledge Development and Systems Change, Center for Mental Health Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland.

RADM Brian Flynn, Ed.D., Director, Division of Program Development, Special Populations and Projects, Center for Mental Health Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland.

Anne Mathews-Younes, Ed.D., Chief, Special Programs Development Branch, Center for Mental Health Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland.

Ruth L. Kirschstein, M.D., Acting Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.

Steven E. Hyman, M.D., Director, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.

Richard Nakamura, Ph.D., Deputy Director, National Institte of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland.

Science Editors

Jeanne Miranda, Ph.D., Senior Science Editor, Professor, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles Neuropsychiatric Institute, Los Angeles, California.

Lonnie R. Snowden, Ph.D., Science Editor, Director, Center for Mental Health Services Research, Professor, School of Social Welfare, University of California, Berkeley, California.

Spero M. Manson, Ph.D., Science Editor, Professor and Head, American Indian and Alaska Native Programs, Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado.

Stanley Sue, Ph.D., Science Editor, Professor, Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, Director, Asian American Studies Program, University of California, Davis, California.

Steven R. Lopez, Ph.D., Science Editor, Professor, Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, California.

Managing Editors

Nancy J. Davis, Ed.D., Managing Editor, Public Health Advisor, Center for Mental Health Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland.

Kana Enomoto, M.A., Associate Managing Editor, Public Health Advisor, Center for Mental Health Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland.

CAPT Norma J. Hatot, Associate Managing Editor, Senior Nurse Consultant, Center for Mental Health Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland.

Science Writers

Miriam Davis, Ph.D., Senior Science Writer, Medical Writer and Consultant, Silver Spring, Maryland.

Sharon Hogan, M.A., Science Writer, Hingham, Massachusetts.

Science Consultants

Donna Chen, M.D., Assistant Professor, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.

Laura Kohn, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Michigan.

David Takeuchi, Ph.D., Professor, Department of Sociology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana.

Planning Board and Peer Reviewers

Margarita Alegria, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Department of Administration, School of Public Health, Center for Evaluation and Socioeconomic Research, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico.

James P. Allen, Ph.D., Professor, Department of Geography, California State University Northridge, Northridge, California.

Naleen Andrade, M.D., Department of Psychiatry, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii.

Thomas E. Arthur, M.Ed., M.A., Liaison for Consumer/Family, Core Service Agencies and Community Affairs, Maryland Health Partners, Columbia, Maryland.

Carl C. Bell, M.D., President and CEO, Community Mental Health Council, Chicago, Illinois.

Kinike Bermudez, Consumer Advocate, National Asian American Pacific Islander Mental Health Association, Richardson, Texas.

Theresa Chapa, Ph.D., Senior Social Science Analyst, Center for Mental Health Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland.

Daniel P. Chapman, Ph.D., Psychiatric Epidemiologist, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.

Peggy Clark, M.S.W., M.P.A., Technical Director, Disabled and Elderly Health Program Group, Center for Medicaid and State Operations, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Baltimore, Maryland.

H. Westley Clark, M.D., J.D., M.P.H., Director, Center for Substance Abuse Treatment, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland.

Kim Crocker, R.N., Special Assistant to the Deputy Commissioner for International and Constituent Relations, Office of the Commissioner, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Maryland.

Terry L. Cross, A.C.S.W., Executive Director, National Indian Child Welfare Association, Portland, Oregon.

Marsha Davenport, M.D., M.P.H., Chief Medical Officer, Office of Strategic Planning, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Baltimore, Maryland.

King Davis, Ph.D., Robert Lee Sutherland Chair in Mental Health and Social Policy, University of Texas, Austin, Texas.

Deborah Duran, Ph.D., Former Public Health Analyst, Office of Policy and Program Coordination, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland.

Tom Edwards, Chief, Clinical Interventions and Organizational Models Branch, Center for Substance Abuse Treatment, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland.

Lloyd C. Elam, M.D., Professor Emeritus, Department of Psychiatry, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee

Kathryn Ellis, J.D., Principal Deputy Director, Office for Civil Rights, Office of the Secretary, Washington, D.C.

Jill Erickson, M.S.W., A.C.S.W., Public Health Advisor, Center for Mental Health Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland.

Javier Escobar, M.D. Professor and Chairman, Department of Psychiatry, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey.

Loma K. Flowers, M.D., Clinical Professor of Psychiatry, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California

Blanca Fuentes, M.P.A., Public Affairs Coordinator, Office of Rural Health Policy, Health Resources and Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland.

Rosa M. Gil, D.S.W., Special Advisor to the Mayor for Health Policy, New York City Mayor’s Office of Health Services, New York, New York.

Sherry A. M. Glied, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Joseph

L. Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York.

Howard Goldman, M.D., Ph.D., Professor of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Potomac, Maryland.

Junius Gonzales, M.D., Chief, Services Research and Clinical Epidemiology Branch, Division of Services Intervention Research, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.

Eric Goplerud, Ph.D., Acting Associate Administrator, Office of Policy and Program Coordination, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland.

Maria Guajardo-Lucero, Ph.D., Executive Director, Assets for Colorado Youth, Denver, Colorado.

Peggy Halpern, Ph.D., Program Specialist, Administration on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.

Kevin Hennessy, M.P.P., Ph.D., Health Policy Analyst, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, Washington, D.C.

Pablo Hernandez, M.D., Administrator, Wyoming State Commission for Mental Health, Division of Behavioral Health, Evanston, Wyoming.

Angelia Hill, Office of Minority Health, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland.

Tiffany Ho, M.D., Former Senior Medical Policy Advisor, Center for Mental Health Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland.

Michael F. Hogan, Ph.D., Director, Ohio Department of Mental Health, Columbus, Ohio.

Thomas Horvath, M.D., F.R.A.C.P., Chief of Staff, Houston VAMC, Houston, Texas.

Larke Nahme Huang, Ph.D., Director of Research, National Technical Assistance Center for Children’s Mental Health, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C.

DeLoris Hunter, Ph.D., Director, Office of Minority Health, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland.

D.J. Ida, Ph.D., Executive Director, National Asian American Pacific Islander Mental Health Association, Denver, Colorado.

Diane Justice, Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Aging, Administration on Aging, Washington, D.C.

Mireille Kanda, M.D., M.P.H., Director, Health and Disabilities Services, Administration of Children, Youth and Families, Administration for Children and Families, Washington, D.C.

George Kanuck, Public Health Analyst, Office of Policy, Coordination and Planning, Center for Substance Abuse Treatment, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland.

Kelly J. Kelleher, M.D., Staunton Professor of Pediatrics, Psychiatry, and Health Services, Schools of Medicine and Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

Teresa La Fromboise, Ph.D., Associate Professor, School of Education, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California.

Inez Larsen, Ph.D., Program Director, Youth Regional Treatment Center, Right Road Recovery Programs, Inc., Corning, California.

Keh-Ming Lin, M.D., M.P.H., Professor and Director of Research, Center on the Psycho-biology of Ethnicity, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California.

Francis Lu, M.D., Professor of Clinical Psychiatry, Director, Cultural Competence and Diversity Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, California.

Gerrie Maccannon, M.P.H., Special Assistant to the Director, Office of Minority Health, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland.

Delores Macey, Ph.D., Director, Cultural Action Program, South Carolina Department of Mental Health, Columbia, South Carolina.

Maria Mar, Director, Rehabilitation Support Team, Community Support Network, Santa Rosa, California.

Anthony Marsella, Ph.D., D.H.C., Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii.

Harriet G. McCombs, Ph.D., Senior Mental Health Advisor, Bureau of Primary Health Care, Health Resources and Services Administration, Bethesda, Maryland.

Jacki McKinney, M.S.W., Consultant, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Denise Middlebrook, Ph.D., Public Health Advisor, Center for Mental Health Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland.

Charlotte Mullican, M.P.H., Health Scientist Administrator, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, Maryland.

Hector Myers, Ph.D., Professor, Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, California.

Linda James Myers, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Department of African-American and African Studies, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.

Harold W. Neighbors, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.

James O’Brien, Program Specialist, Head Start Bureau, Administration for Children and Families, Washington, D.C.

Delores Parron, Ph.D., Deputy Assistant Secretary for Program Systems, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, Washington, D.C.

Chester M. Pierce, M.D., Professor Emeritus, Psychiatry and Education, Harvard University School of Medicine, Harvard University Graduate School of Education, Boston, Massachusetts

Bernice Pescosolido, Ph.D., Professor, Department of Sociology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana.

Aquila Powell, Special Assistant, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Legislation, Washington, D.C.

Andres J. Pumariega, M.D., Department of Psychiatry, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee.

Juan Ramos, Ph.D., Senior Advisor, Office of the Director, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.

Rochelle Rollins, Ph.D., Special Assistant, Bureau of Primary Health Care, Health Resources and Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland.

Josie T. Romero, M.S.W., President, National Latino Behavioral Health Association, Gilroy, California.

Soledad Sambrano, Ph.D., Team Leader, Individual and Family Studies Unit, Center for Substance Abuse Prevention, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland.

Ruth Sanchez-Way, Ph.D., Acting Director, Center for Substance Abuse Prevention, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland.

Jean G. Spaulding, M.D., Vice Chancellor for Health Affairs, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina

RADM Nathan Stinson, Jr., Ph.D., M.D., M.P.H., Deputy Assistant Secretary for Minority Health, Office of Public Health and Science, Office of the Secretary, Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, Maryland.

Carolyn Strete, Ph.D., Associate Director for Health Disparities, Office of the Director, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.

Gregg Taliaferro, Ph.D., Social Scientist, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, Maryland.

Pamela Thurman, Ph.D., Research Associate, Tri-Ethnic Center for Prevention Research, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado.

RADM W. Craig Vanderwagen, M.D., Assistant Surgeon General, and Director, Office of Clinical and Preventive Services, Indian Health Service, Rockville, Maryland.

William Vega, Ph.D., Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey.

Kenneth B. Wells, M.D., M.P.H., Professor, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles Neuropsychiatric Institute, Los Angeles, California.

David R. Williams, Ph.D., Professor, Department of Sociology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.

Roy C. Wilson, M.D., Director, Missouri Department of Mental Health, Jefferson City, Missouri.

Wilbur Woods, M.A., Management Analyst, Behavioral Health, Rockville, Maryland.

Participants in the Development of the Report

RADM Thomas Bornemann, Ed.D., Former Deputy Director, Center for Mental Health Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland.

Rhonda Baron-Hall, Ph.D., University of Pittsburgh at Bradford, Bradford, Pennsylvania.

Cheryl A. Boyce, Ph.D., Acting Chief, Sociocultural Processes and Health Disparities Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.

Shelly Burgess, Office of External Liaison, Center for Mental Health Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland.

Nelba Chavez, Ph.D., Former Administrator, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland.

Jennifer Fiedelholtz, Ph.D., Office of Policy and Program Coordination, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland.

Theodora Fine, M.A., Senior Public Affairs Specialist and Director of Communications Policy and Strategy, Office of Communications, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland.

Charlotte Gordon, Writer/Editor, Office of the Director, Center for Mental Health Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland.

LTJG Christine L. Guthrie, M.P.H., Public Health Advisor, Center for Mental Health Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland.

Sabrina Harrison, Secretary, Office of the Director, Center for Mental Health Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland.

Timothy C. Hays, Ph.D., Special Assistant to the Deputy Director, Office of the Director, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.

Denyse Hicks, Ph.D., African American Women’s Mental Health Authority, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Ann A. Hohmann, Ph.D., M.P.H., Chief, Methodological , Sociocultural Services, and Quality of Care Research Programs, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.

Jeannette Johnson, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland.

Mary Knipmeyer, Ph.D., Program Director, HIV/AIDS Treatment Adherence, Health Outcomes, and Cost Study. Office of the Associate Director for Medical Affairs, Center for Mental Health Services, Rockville, Maryland.

Kathy L. Kopniski, Ph.D., Special Assistant to the Director, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.

Nicole Lurie, M.D., M.S.P.H., Former Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary for Health, Office of Public Health and Science, Office of the Secretary, Washington, D.C.

Michael Malden, Public Affairs Specialist, Office of External Liaison, Center for Mental Health Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland.

Beverly L. Malone, Ph.D., R.N., F.A.A.N., Former Deputy Assistant Secretary for Health, Office of Public Health and Science, Office of the Secretary, Washington, D.C.

Lynn Mandujano, Editor, Program Support Center, Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, Maryland.

Anna Marsh, Ph.D., Director, Office of Program Services, Division of Administrative Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland.

Leah McGee, Program Assistant, Office of the Director, Center for Mental Health Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland.

Carolyn O’Connor, Project Director, Program Support Center, Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, Maryland.

Rajesh Rao, Office of the Director, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.

CAPT Patricia Rye, J.D., M.S.W., Former Managing Editor, Office of the Director, Center for Mental Health Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland.

Juned Siddique, M.S., Statistician, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles Neuropsychiatric Institute, Los Angeles, California.

Anne Thomas, Editor, Program Support Center, Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, Maryland.

Damon Thompson, Director of Communications, Office of Public Health and Science, Office of the Assistant Secretary, Washington, D.C.

Mark Weber, Associate Administrator, Office of Communications, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, Maryland.

Special Thanks

Parklawn Health Library Staff, Rockville, Maryland.

Numerous interns from various programs including the Hispanic Association of Colleges and Universities and the National Association for Equal Opportunity in Higher Education.

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