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Medical Necessity in Private Health Plans

Figure 3: NCQA and JCAHO External Appeals Standards

NCQA Managed Behavioral Health External Appeals Standards JCAHO External Appeals Standards

UM 7.5 The managed behavioral healthcare organization has a procedure for providing independent, external review of final determinations, including:

Eligibility criteria stating that the MBHO offers enrollees the right to an independent, third party, binding review whenever:

  • The enrollee is appealing an adverse determination that is based on medical necessity, as defined by MBHO.
  • The MBHO has completed two levels of internal reviews and its decision is unfavorable to the enrollee, or has elected to bypass one or both levels of internal review or has exceeded its time limit for internal reviews, without good cause and without reaching a decision.
  • The enrollee has not withdrawn the appeal request, agreed to another dispute resolution proceeding, or submitted to an external dispute resolution proceeding required by law.
  • Notification to enrollees about the independent appeals program and clear and timely explanations of denials and approvals to both enrollees and their physicians.

Use of an independent review organization that meets the following criteria:

  • Conducts a thorough review in which it considers anew all previously determined facts, allows the introduction of new information, considers and assesses sound medical advice, and makes a decision or conclusions that are not bound by the decisions or conclusions of the internal appeal.
  • Has no material professional, familial, or financial conflicts of interest with the MBHO.
  • MBHO non-interference with the proceedings of the external review.
  • Enrollee exemption from the cost of external review, including filing fees, and allowance of designating a representative to act on the behalf of the enrollee.
  • Implementation of independent review organization decision within specified timeframe. MBHO data tracking of external appeals for use in evaluating its medical necessity decision making process.

RI 2.2: The network provides a method for resolving disagreements between the network and the member or designated decision maker(s) regarding care or treatment authorization decisions.

The network’s process includes:

  • Informing members how to seek appeals of adverse determinations.
  • Defined timeframes in which the member can anticipate response to an appeal.
  • Appeal timeframes that are appropriate to the urgency of the member’s health care needs.
  • An appeal review panel including health care professionals who are appropriately trained, experienced, and competent with respect to the care and treatment involved, and who were not involved in the initial determination.
  • Informing members about further steps available when disagreements cannot be resolved through the treatment authorization and appeal process, such as an internal grievance process, arbitration, legal proceedings, and any other external review processes.

RI 5: The network provides for the receipt and resolution of complaints and grievances from members in a timely manner.

The member has the right to voice complaints without fear of recrimination about the care received and to have complaints reviewed and, whenever possible, resolved. This right and the way it is protected are explained to the member. The network has a means of providing for the following:

  • Procedures for registering and managing complaints and grievances, including identifying the party receiving complaints and grievances.
  • Aggregating and reporting actions taken on complaints and grievances.
  • A timely response to the member, substantively addressing the action taken on the complaint or grievance.
  • Including the aggregate complaint and grievance information in performance improvement activities.
  • An appeal process for grievance decisions.
  • Member protection from any sanctions or penalties resulting solely or primarily from using the complaint or grievance process.

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